Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chọtara ihe akaebe nke iwu taxonomic 187 n'ime lita 20 nke mmiri anakọtara site na otu n'ime gburugburu ebe kacha sie ike n'ụwa.
Otu ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nke Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Anụ ọhịa (WCS) na Mahadum State University nke Appalachian na-edu ejirila DNA gburugburu ebe obibi (eDNA) dekọọ ihe dị iche iche alpine nke ugwu kachasị elu n'ụwa, nke dị mita 29,032 (mita 8,849) n'obosara Ugwu Everest. Ọrụ a dị mkpa bụ akụkụ nke 2019 National Geographic na Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest Expedition, njem sayensị Everest kachasị ukwuu.
N'ịde banyere nchoputa ha na akwụkwọ akụkọ iScience, ndị otu ahụ chịkọtara eDNA site na mmiri mmiri sitere na ọdọ mmiri iri na iyi na omimi sitere na 14,763 ụkwụ (4,500 mita) ruo 18,044 ụkwụ (5,500 mita) n'ime izu anọ. Ebe ndị a na-agụnye ebe eriri alpine dị n'elu ahịrị osisi ma nwee ụdị osisi okooko osisi na ụdị shrub dị iche iche, yana eriri aeolian na-agafe karịa osisi okooko osisi na osisi ndị dị n'elu na biosphere. Ha chọpụtara ntule ndị dị na iwu taxonomic 187 sitere na naanị lita 20 nke mmiri, nhata 16.3%, ma ọ bụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ isii, nke ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke iwu ama ama na Osisi nke Ndụ, osisi ezinụlọ nke ihe dị iche iche nke ụwa.
eDNA na-achọ ọnụọgụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke ihe dị ndụ na anụ ọhịa hapụrụ wee na-enye ụzọ dị ọnụ ala karịa, ngwa ngwa na nke zuru oke iji kwalite ikike nyocha maka nyocha ụdị dị iche iche na gburugburu mmiri. A na-anakọta ihe nlele site na igbe mechiri emechi nwere ihe nzacha na-ejide mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, nke a na-enyocha ya na ụlọ nyocha site na iji DNA metabarcoding na usoro usoro nhazi ndị ọzọ. WCS na-eji eDNA chọpụta ụdị dị ụkọ na nke dị ize ndụ site na whales humpback ruo nduru Swinhoe softshell, otu n'ime ụdị ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ụwa.
Maapụ ọkụ nke usoro na-agụ nke nje bacteria chọpụtara na nkewa n'usoro taxonomic site na iji SingleM na nchekwa data Greengenes sitere na saịtị ọ bụla.
N'agbanyeghi na nchọcha Everest lekwasịrị anya na njirimara n'ọkwa n'usoro, ndị otu ahụ nwere ike ịchọpụta ọtụtụ ihe dị ndụ gbadara n'ogo ma ọ bụ ụdị.
Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị otu ahụ chọpụtara rotifers na tardigrades, ụmụ anụmanụ abụọ a maara na ha na-eme nke ọma na ụfọdụ n'ime gburugburu ebe kachasị njọ na nke kachasị njọ ma bụrụ ndị a na-ewere dị ka ụfọdụ n'ime anụmanụ ndị na-esi ike nke a maara n'ụwa. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, ha chọpụtara nwa ọkụkọ Tibet nke snow nke dị na Sagarmatha National Park ma ọ tụrụ ya n'anya ịchọta ụdị dị ka nkịta ụlọ na ọkụkọ na-anọchite anya mmetụta nke ọrụ mmadụ na mbara ala.
Ha chọtakwara osisi pine ndị a pụrụ ịhụ nanị n’akụkụ ugwu dị nnọọ anya site n’ebe ha tụrụ atụ, na-egosi otú pollen nke ifufe na-efe efe si aga n’elu mmiri ndị a. Ihe ọzọ e kere eke ha chọtara n'ọtụtụ ebe bụ ikefly, bụ́ ihe a ma ama nke na-egosi mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi.
Ndepụta eDNA ga-enyere aka nleba anya biomonitoring n'ọdịnihu nke elu Himalaya na nyocha ihe ọmụmụ ihe omimi iji chọpụta mgbanwe n'ime oge ka ihu igwe na-ebute ọkụ, glacier gbazere na mmetụta mmadụ na-agbanwe nke a na-agbanwe ngwa ngwa, gburugburu ebe obibi ama ama n'ụwa.
Dr. Tracey Seimon nke WCS Animal Health Programme, onye ndu otu Everest Biofield na onye ndu nyocha, kwuru, sị: “E nwere ọtụtụ ihe dị iche iche dị ndụ. Ekwesịrị ịtụle gburugburu ugwu ugwu, gụnyere ugwu Everest, dị ka onye na-aga n'ihu nleba anya ogologo oge nke ụdị dị iche iche nke alpine, na mgbakwunye na nlekota bioclimatic na ntule mgbanwe mgbanwe ihu igwe. ”
Dr Marisa Lim nke Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nchekwa Anụ ọhịa kwuru, sị: “Anyị gara n'elu ụlọ nke ụwa ịchọ ndụ. Nke a bụ ihe anyị hụrụ. Agbanyeghị, akụkọ ahụ akwụsịghị ebe ahụ. nyere aka kọwaa ọgụgụ isi n'ọdịnihu."
Anton Simon, bụ́ onye na-arụkọ ọrụ nnyocha n’ọhịa, onye nchọpụta National Geographic na Prọfesọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na Mahadum Appalachian State, Dr. Anton Simon kwuru, sị: “Otu narị afọ gara aga, mgbe a jụrụ ya, sị, ‘Gịnị mere e ji aga Everest?’, onye ịrị elu Britain bụ́ George Mallory zara, sị, ‘N’ihi na ọ dị ebe ahụ. Ndị otu anyị 2019 nwere echiche dị nnọọ iche: anyị gara n'Ugwu Everest n'ihi na ọ na-enye ihe ọmụma ma nwee ike ịkụziri anyị banyere ụwa anyị bi na ya. "
Site n'ime ka ndị na-eme nchọpụta nwee ihe ndekọ data mepere emepe, ndị odee na-atụ anya itinye aka na mbọ a na-aga n'ihu iji wuo akụrụngwa mkpụrụ ndụ iji mụọ na soro mgbanwe dị iche iche dị n'ime ugwu kachasị elu n'ụwa.
Edemede edemede: Lim et al., Iji DNA gburugburu ebe obibi iji chọpụta ụdị ndụ dị iche iche nke Osisi Ndụ dị n'akụkụ ndịda nke Ugwu Everest, iScience (2022) Marisa KV Lim, 1Anton Seimon, 2Batya Nightingale, 1Charles SI Xu, 3Stefan RP Holloy, 4Adam J. Solon, 5Nicholas B. Dragọn, 5Steven K. Schmidt, 5Alex Tate, 6Sandra Alvin, 6Aurora K. Elmore, 6,7 na Tracey A. Simon1,8,
1 Wildlife Conservation Society, Zoological Health Programme, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY 10460, USA 2 Appalachian State University, Department of Geography and Planning, Boone, NC 28608, USA 3 McGill University, Redpath Department of Museums and Biology, Montreal, H3A 0G4 , CanadaQ94 Department of Primary Industries, Wellington 6011, New Zealand 5 University of Colorado, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 6 National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, 20036, USAQ107 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver- N'oge opupu ihe ubi, MD 20910, USA 8 Onye ndu kọntaktị* Nzikọrịta ozi
Ozi: WCS na-echekwa anụ ọhịa na anụ ọhịa gburugburu ụwa site na sayensị, mbọ nchekwa, agụmakwụkwọ na ime ka ndị mmadụ nwee ekele maka okike. Iji mezuo ebumnuche anyị, WCS dabere na Bronx Zoo, na-eji ike zuru oke nke mmemme nchekwa ya zuru ụwa ọnụ, nke nde mmadụ 4 na-eleta kwa afọ n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mba 60 na oke osimiri niile nke ụwa, yana ogige anụ ọhịa ise na New. York. WCS na-achịkọta nka ya na zoos na aquarium iji nweta ọrụ nchekwa ya. Gaa na: newsroom.wcs.org Soro: @WCSNewsroom. Maka ozi ndị ọzọ: 347-840-1242. Gee ntị na pọdkastị WCS Wild Audio ebe a.
Dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze mbụ na Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, Mahadum State Appalachian na-akwado ụmụ akwụkwọ ibi ndụ na-eju afọ dị ka ụmụ amaala zuru ụwa ọnụ bụ ndị ghọtara ma buru ibu ọrụ maka ịmepụta ọdịnihu ga-adịgide adịgide maka mmadụ niile. Ahụmahụ Appalachian na-akwalite mmụọ nsonye site n'ịkpọkọta ndị mmadụ ọnụ n'ụzọ na-akpali akpali iji nweta na ịmepụta ihe ọmụma, na-eto n'ụzọ zuru oke, mee ihe na mmasị na mkpebi siri ike, na ịnakwere ụdị dị iche iche na ọdịiche. Ndị Appalachian, nke dị na ugwu Blue Ridge, bụ otu n'ime ogige iri na asaa na sistemụ Mahadum North Carolina. N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ụmụ akwụkwọ 21,000, Mahadum Appalachian nwere obere ụmụ akwụkwọ-ngalaba ma na-enye ihe karịrị 150 undergraduate na mmemme gụsịrị akwụkwọ.
Mmekọrịta National Geographic na Rolex na-akwado njem nlegharị anya iji chọpụta ebe kacha dị egwu n'ụwa. N'iji nkà mmụta sayensị ama ama nke ụwa na teknụzụ dị egwu iji kpughee nghọta ọhụrụ banyere usoro dị mkpa maka ndụ n'ụwa, njem ndị a na-enyere ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ndị na-eme iwu na ndị obodo aka ịhazi na ịchọta ngwọta maka mmetụta ihu igwe na ihu igwe. Gburugburu ebe obibi na-agbanwe, na-akọ ihe ebube nke ụwa anyị site na akụkọ dị ike.
N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu narị afọ, Rolex akwadola ndị nchọpụta ọsụ ụzọ na-achọ ịkwanye oke ohere mmadụ nwere. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ esiwo n'ịkwado nchọpụta maka nchọpụta gaa n'ichekwa ụwa site n'itinye aka ogologo oge iji kwado ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na òtù dị iche iche na-eji sayensị ịghọta na ịzụlite ngwọta maka nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi taa.
Emere njikọ a site na mmalite nke Forever Planet na 2019, bụ nke lekwasịrị anya na mbụ na ndị na-enye aka na ụwa ka mma site na Rolex Awards for Enterprise, chebe oke osimiri site na mmekorita ya na Mission Blue, ma mee mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ eziokwu. ghọtara dị ka akụkụ nke mmekọrịta ya na National Geographic Society.
Pọtụfoliyo agbasawanye nke mmekọrịta ndị ọzọ anabatara n'okpuru atụmatụ Perpetual Planet ugbu a gụnyere: njem polar nke na-akwagide ókèala nke nyocha mmiri n'okpuru; Otu Ocean Foundation na Menkab na-echebe ihe dị iche iche nke cetacean na Mediterranean; Xunaan-Ha Njem na-ekpughe àgwà mmiri na Yucatan, Mexico; Nnukwu njem na Arctic na 2023 iji nakọta data na egwu Arctic; Obi na Ice, nakwa iji kpokọta ozi gbasara mgbanwe ihu igwe na Arctic; na Monaco Blue Initiative, na-achịkọta ndị ọkachamara na ngwọta nchekwa mmiri.
Rolex na-akwadokwa òtù na atụmatụ na-azụlite ọgbọ na-esote ndị nyocha, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị nchekwa site na scholarships na onyinye dị ka World Underwater Scholarship Association na Rolex Explorers Club Grant.
National Geographic Society bụ ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke na-eji ike sayensị, nyocha, agụmakwụkwọ, na ịkọ akụkọ na-amụnye ma chebe ihe ebube dị n'ụwa anyị. Kemgbe 1888, National Geographic nọ na-akwalite oke nyocha, na-etinye ego na nkà obi ike na echiche mgbanwe, na-enye ihe karịrị onyinye ọrụ 15,000 na kọntinent asaa, na-eru ụmụ akwụkwọ nde 3 kwa afọ na onyinye mmụta, na-adọta uche zuru ụwa ọnụ site na ntinye aka. , akụkọ na ọdịnaya. Iji mụtakwuo, gaa na www.nationalgeographic.org ma ọ bụ soro anyị na Instagram, Twitter na Facebook.
Ozi: WCS na-echekwa anụ ọhịa na anụ ọhịa gburugburu ụwa site na sayensị, mbọ nchekwa, agụmakwụkwọ na ime ka ndị mmadụ nwee ekele maka okike. Dabere na Bronx Zoo, WCS na-eji ike zuru oke nke mmemme nchekwa ụwa ya iji mezuo ebumnuche ya, yana ndị ọbịa nde 4 kwa afọ na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mba 60 na oke osimiri ụwa niile, yana ogige ntụrụndụ ise dị na New York City. WCS na-achịkọta nka ya na zoos na aquarium iji nweta ọrụ nchekwa ya. Gaa na newsroom.wcs.org. Debanye aha: @WCSNewsroom. Ozi nkowa mgbakwunye: +1 (347) 840-1242.
Onye nchoputa nke SpaceRef, onye otu Explorers Club, onye bụbu NASA, ndị otu nleta, onye nta akụkọ, oghere na ọkà mmụta mbara igwe, onye na-arị elu dara ada.
Oge nzipu: Sep-10-2022